Profile of trauma related mortality at Manipal

Background: the main objective of the present study is to analyse the pattern of death related to trauma/injuries at Manipal in Udupi district, Karnataka state, India. Material and methods: Retrospective data (January 2001 to December 2003) were collected from autopsy reports maintained in the department of forensic medicine, and the inquest reports from the police. Out of the total (n=470) autopsies, 344 victims had traumatic fatality. The demographic data, type of trauma, duration of survival, body areas involved was recorded. Results: 470 autopsies were performed during the period of study. Of these 344 (73%) were traumatic fatalities. Males were preponderant (71%). More than half of the victims were between 1-40 years. The youth age of 21-30 years were affected maximum due to all type of trauma except for falls and assault in this area of the country (India). The leading type of trauma was Road Traffi c Accident (RTA) (52%) followed by burn (24%). Females were predominant with 74% in trauma due to burns. In majority of cases where the death was reported in the hospital, among them more than 50% of victims were survived in hospital for more than 24 hours. The victims those expired within 3 hours were in majority from RTA and those who survived for more than 24 hours were in majority from burns. Majority (258) of the victims had head injuries followed by thoracic injuries (169), and abdomen (125). Twenty four percent of the victims died on the spot or before reaching hospital. Conclusion: In this area of the country the trauma due to RTA is a leading cause of death among the traumatic death followed by burns.