Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Biological Evaluation, DFT Calculations and Third Order Nonlinear Optical Studies of Pyrazolines

Novel pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, NMR, UV-visible, and mass spectral studies. All the synthesized compounds 6a-f were screened for anticancer activity against MCF-7 and HCT 116 cell lines via SRB assay. Among the synthesized pyrazolines 6b and 6f showed appreciable anticancer activity. The molecular docking study was done with two proteins (PDB No: 1M17 and 5ZTO) to study the binding interactions of the compounds with proteins. ADME study showed that the compounds exhibited drug-likeness properties, following Lipinski's rule of five. The molecular structure of compound 6b was studied using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The structural, absorption and first static hyperpolarizability properties of the compound 6b were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The experimental data and calculated FTIR and UV-visible spectral data are in good agreement. The third order nonlinear optical properties were studied using open and closed aperture z-scan techniques. The compound 6b showed nonlinear absorption(β) of 1.94×10⁻¹¹m/W at intensity (I₀) is 4.49GW/cm². Third order nonlinear susceptibility is of the order of 10⁻¹² esu and this indicates the molecule has the potential to be used in nonlinear optical device applications.